See -ê on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"no longer productive"
],
"word": "-e"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"word": "-e"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"no longer productive"
],
"word": "-e"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"word": "-a"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"no longer productive"
],
"word": "-e"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"raw_tags": [
"Northumbrian"
],
"word": "-æ"
},
{
"lang": "Old Frisian",
"lang_code": "ofs",
"word": "-e"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"word": "*-ē"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"word": "-a"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"raw_tags": [
"may have merged with *-ô"
],
"word": "-a"
},
{
"lang": "Gothic",
"lang_code": "got",
"roman": "-ē",
"word": "-𐌴"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*-ě"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *-ě",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-ē",
"pos": "adverbial suffixes"
},
"expansion": "Latin -ē (adverbial suffixes)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown. Compare with Proto-Slavic *-ě and maybe Latin -ē (adverbial suffixes).",
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-ê",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"creates adverbs of manner from adjectives: -ly"
],
"id": "en--ê-gem-pro-adv-KoG1P6Sz",
"links": [
[
"-ly",
"-ly"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "-ô"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-ê"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mzs",
"2": "pt",
"3": "-er"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese -er",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Portuguese -er, the second-conjugation verb-forming suffix.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ido",
"tags": [
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "-er",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mzs",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "participle",
"4": "-ido",
"cat2": "verb-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-ê (participle -ido)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Macanese",
"lang_code": "mzs",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Macanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Malay (men)colek (“to scoop a small amount with the forefinger”) + -ê → cholê (“to spoon”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"verb-forming suffix"
],
"id": "en--ê-mzs-suffix-xdqdt4zm",
"related": [
{
"sense": "other verb-forming suffixes from Portuguese",
"word": "-â"
},
{
"sense": "other verb-forming suffixes from Portuguese",
"word": "-í"
},
{
"sense": "other word-final verb-forming suffixes",
"word": "-ú"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈe/"
}
],
"word": "-ê"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mzs",
"2": "pt",
"3": "-er"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese -er",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Portuguese -er, the second-conjugation verb-forming suffix.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ido",
"tags": [
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "-er",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mzs",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "participle",
"4": "-ido",
"cat2": "verb-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-ê (participle -ido)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Macanese",
"lang_code": "mzs",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"sense": "other verb-forming suffixes from Portuguese",
"word": "-â"
},
{
"sense": "other verb-forming suffixes from Portuguese",
"word": "-í"
},
{
"sense": "other word-final verb-forming suffixes",
"word": "-ú"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Macanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Macanese lemmas",
"Macanese suffixes",
"Macanese terms derived from Portuguese",
"Macanese verb-forming suffixes",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Malay (men)colek (“to scoop a small amount with the forefinger”) + -ê → cholê (“to spoon”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"verb-forming suffix"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈe/"
}
],
"word": "-ê"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"no longer productive"
],
"word": "-e"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"word": "-e"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"no longer productive"
],
"word": "-e"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"word": "-a"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"no longer productive"
],
"word": "-e"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"raw_tags": [
"Northumbrian"
],
"word": "-æ"
},
{
"lang": "Old Frisian",
"lang_code": "ofs",
"word": "-e"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"word": "*-ē"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"word": "-a"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"raw_tags": [
"may have merged with *-ô"
],
"word": "-a"
},
{
"lang": "Gothic",
"lang_code": "got",
"roman": "-ē",
"word": "-𐌴"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*-ě"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *-ě",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-ē",
"pos": "adverbial suffixes"
},
"expansion": "Latin -ē (adverbial suffixes)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown. Compare with Proto-Slavic *-ě and maybe Latin -ē (adverbial suffixes).",
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-ê",
"pos": "adv",
"related": [
{
"word": "-ô"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic adverb-forming suffixes",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic suffixes",
"Proto-Germanic terms with unknown etymologies"
],
"glosses": [
"creates adverbs of manner from adjectives: -ly"
],
"links": [
[
"-ly",
"-ly"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-ê"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -ê meaning in All languages combined (3.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-03-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-03-03 using wiktextract (05c257f and 9d9a410). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.